Town of Paradise
Butte County
Town of Paradise is a city authority in the State of California, serving 4,764 residents. 2,631 residential solar installs are on record here. This page is the permit route for that jurisdiction: the fifteen steps from working out who has a say over an address through to permission to operate, the documents this authority publishes, and 62 answers taken from those documents and dated.
Permitting 5 steps · 28 questions
Whether a permit is needed — Yes Q3 Electrical and building permits — Combined Q4 Where you file — GovWell (app.govwell.com/paradise) Q20
- Permit required
- Yes92% source
- What it costs
- $254.40 flat (residential roof mount); $381.60 flat (residential ground mount, includes building permit/plan review/onsite building clearance)62% source
- Key document
- department presentation (PDF, dated Dec 2023) cited by 6 open the document
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Confirm who has a say over your address
A city address is usually permitted by the city, not the county — but not always, and some authorities keep building and hand electrical to someone else. Getting this wrong costs the whole submittal, because every requirement below belongs to whoever actually holds jurisdiction. Check the overlays in the same pass: an HOA, a historic district, a windstorm certification or a system-size cap can reshape the design, and all of them are cheaper to find now than after the array is laid out.
- Is this authority the AHJ for residential solar at this address? Yes 92% · department page
- What does this authority permit itself, and what does it delegate? Both 88% · municipal code
- Is a permit required for a residential rooftop PV system? Yes 92% · municipal code
- Is there a separate electrical permit, or is it combined? Combined 60% · fee schedule
- Is a HOA or architectural approval required first? No 72% · municipal code
- Is there a historic-district review? No 72% · municipal code table of contents
- Is a wind or windstorm certification required? No 68% · municipal code
- Is a Specific Use Permit or Council approval ever required? No -- solar collectors are listed as a by-right accessory use in residential zones (PMC 17.14.300(D), and the parallel 17.10/17.11/17.12/17.17.300 accessory-use sections), and PMC Ch. 15.15's administrative approval process for eligible systems contains no Specific Use Permit or Council-approval step. 78% · municipal code
- Is there a system-size cap on residential generation? 10 kW AC nameplate / 30 kW thermal, and limited to a single or duplex family dwelling -- but this is the eligibility gate for the Ch. 15.15 EXPEDITED/administrative review path, not a stated absolute cap on residential PV generation; larger systems appear to simply fall outside the expedited chapter rather than being prohibited. 88% · municipal code
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Check who is allowed to apply
Several authorities require the electrical permit to be pulled by a licensed electrician, or require the contractor to be registered with them BEFORE applying. Registration is not same-day. This is second on the list rather than fourth because it is the step most likely to stop the job before the drawings matter.
- Who is allowed to pull the electrical permit? Either 55% · department presentation (PDF, dated Dec 2023)
- Must the contractor be registered with this authority before applying? Yes 78% · department presentation (PDF, dated Dec 2023)
- Is a homeowner permitted to self-install and self-permit? Yes 50% · municipal code
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Build the submittal package
Almost everywhere wants a site plan, a one-line or three-line electrical diagram, equipment cut sheets with listings, and a structural attachment detail. Build it against the published checklist rather than the last jurisdiction you worked in — the checklist is what the reviewer marks against.
- What documents make up a complete submittal? Per the Town's SolarAPP+ process: site information, system detail information including the SolarAPP+ approval code, licensed contractor information, uploaded plans, and payment of permit fees, submitted through app.govwell.com/paradise. 72% · department presentation (PDF, dated Dec 2023)
- How many copies, and in what format? Digital only, via the app.govwell.com/paradise online portal 58% · department page
- Is a site plan required, and what must it show? A site plan / site information is required as part of the SolarAPP+ and GovWell submittal, but the Town does not publish its own separate checklist of what the site plan must show. 52% · department presentation (PDF, dated Dec 2023)
- Is a one-line / three-line diagram required? Yes 85% · department presentation (PDF, dated Dec 2023)
- Are string and conductor calculations required? Yes, but performed automatically within the SolarAPP+ national review tool rather than submitted as a separate calculation package 62% · department presentation (PDF, dated Dec 2023)
- Is a structural PE stamp required, and at what threshold? No PE structural stamp is required for a system eligible under PMC Ch. 15.15 (<=10 kW AC / 30 kW thermal, single/duplex dwelling); the applicant/contractor instead self-verifies structural adequacy using 'standard engineering evaluation techniques' per 15.15.030(B)(1). No stated threshold above which a stamp is required was found -- larger/ineligible systems would fall to the Building Official's general, non-solar-specific case-by-case discretion under Ch. 15.02. 65% · municipal code
- Is an electrical PE stamp required, and at what threshold? No PE electrical stamp required for a Ch. 15.15-eligible system; the applicant self-verifies that existing service/panel capacity can carry the new PV load per 15.15.030(B)(2), using 'standard electrical inspection techniques' rather than a stamped calculation. 65% · municipal code
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Apply and pay
Most authorities now take the whole application through a portal, and several states cap or constrain what a residential solar permit may cost. Check whether plan check is billed separately before you quote the job.
- Which permit portal does this authority use? GovWell (app.govwell.com/paradise) 95% · department page
- Can the whole application be completed online? Yes 82% · department page
- What does a residential solar permit cost? $254.40 flat (residential roof mount); $381.60 flat (residential ground mount, includes building permit/plan review/onsite building clearance) 62% · fee schedule
- How is the fee calculated? Flat 85% · fee schedule
- Is there a separate plan-check fee? No 68% · fee schedule
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Plan review — and start the utility in parallel
Interconnection is a separate process from the permit and usually the longer pole. Where the utility does not depend on the permit being issued, running both at once is the single biggest saving available on a residential job.
- How long is an issued permit valid before it expires? Not explicitly stated for solar; the general (unamended) CBC/CRC Section 105.5 default of 180 days without commencement of work, or 180 days of inspection inactivity, would apply since PMC 15.02 amends plan-review expiration (107.6) but was not found to amend permit-issuance expiration (105.5) itself. 50% · municipal code
- Which utility handles interconnection here? Pacific Gas & Electric (PG&E) 92% · municipal code
- Where does the utility sit in the sequence? Parallel / No dependency 65% · municipal code
28 questions answered against Town of Paradise’s own published documents
Q1 Is this authority the AHJ for residential solar at this address? Core Jurisdiction & scope
Yes
Why the confidence is not higherTown's own Building Division page states permits and inspections for roof-mount solar are handled by the Town (via app.govwell.com/paradise and SolarAPP+); no reference anywhere to Butte County having jurisdiction over incorporated Town parcels.
department page checked 2026-08-31 https://www.townofparadise.com/building
Q2 What does this authority permit itself, and what does it delegate? Core Jurisdiction & scope
Both
Why the confidence is not higherPMC 15.02.010 (CBC) and 15.04.010 (CEC) are both adopted and enforced by the Town's own Building Official; no delegation clause to Butte County or any contract firm was found in Title 15.
municipal code checked 2026-08-31 https://api.municode.com/CodesContent?jobId=&nodeId=TIT15BUCO_CH15.022025CABUSTCOTI24PA2BAUPINBUCOIC&productId=13703
Q3 Is a permit required for a residential rooftop PV system? Core Jurisdiction & scope
Yes
Why the confidence is not higherPMC 15.02.020's local list of work exempt from a building permit (added to CBC 105.2) does not include solar/PV, and the Town's own fee schedule and Ch. 15.15 both presuppose a required permit for small residential rooftop solar.
municipal code checked 2026-08-31 https://api.municode.com/CodesContent?jobId=&nodeId=TIT15BUCO_CH15.022025CABUSTCOTI24PA2BAUPINBUCOIC&productId=13703
Q4 Is there a separate electrical permit, or is it combined? Core Jurisdiction & scope
Combined
Why the confidence is not higherThe FY2018/19 Master Fee Schedule (still the Town's current published one) lists a single flat line, 'Solar Photovoltaic System Check/Permit Issuance (Residential Only) Roof Mount,' with no separate electrical-permit line for solar specifically -- unlike the generic 'Electrical Permit Issuance' line used for other electrical work. Not fully certain because the schedule never states explicitly that electrical is bundled in.
fee schedule checked 2026-08-31 https://www.paradiseca.gov/sites/default/files/fileattachments/finance/page/2881/master_fee_schedule_18-19.pdf
Q5 Who is allowed to pull the electrical permit? Core Who may apply
Either
Why the confidence is not higherThe Town's SolarAPP+ presentation states licensed B-General, C-10 Electrical, or C-46 Solar PV contractors are eligible to use the expedited SolarAPP+ path; PMC Ch. 15.15 does not itself exclude an owner-builder, and no separate carve-out excluding homeowners from pulling the permit was found. Moderate confidence because the SolarAPP+-specific contractor requirement and the general permit process are not clearly distinguished in the Town's own materials.
department presentation (PDF, dated Dec 2023) checked 2026-08-31 https://www.paradiseca.gov/sites/default/files/fileattachments/building/page/43016/solarapp.pdf
Q6 Must the contractor be registered with this authority before applying? Core Who may apply
Yes
Why the confidence is not higherTown's own SolarAPP+ presentation states outright: 'All businesses based in the Town of Paradise or providing services to Paradise residents or businesses require a Standard Business License,' applied for/renewed via the Town's licensing portal.
department presentation (PDF, dated Dec 2023) checked 2026-08-31 https://www.paradiseca.gov/sites/default/files/fileattachments/building/page/43016/solarapp.pdf
Q7 Is a homeowner permitted to self-install and self-permit? Who may apply
Yes
Why the confidence is not higherPMC Ch. 15.15 is silent on owner-builder status one way or the other, and no local carve-out excluding owner-installed solar was found in Title 15; treated as inference from the absence of a restriction rather than an explicit Town statement (state B&P Code owner-builder exemption would otherwise apply).
municipal code checked 2026-08-31 https://api.municode.com/CodesContent?jobId=&nodeId=TIT15BUCO_CH15.15SMREROSOENSY&productId=13703
Q8 What documents make up a complete submittal? Core Submittal package
Per the Town's SolarAPP+ process: site information, system detail information including the SolarAPP+ approval code, licensed contractor information, uploaded plans, and payment of permit fees, submitted through app.govwell.com/paradise.
Why the confidence is not higherDirectly listed on the Town's 'Permits & Documents' slide of its own SolarAPP+ presentation; confidence is not higher because that document is dated Dec 2023 and names Accela (since replaced by GovWell) as the application system, so the listed content items were not independently re-confirmed against the current GovWell portal.
department presentation (PDF, dated Dec 2023) checked 2026-08-31 https://www.paradiseca.gov/sites/default/files/fileattachments/building/page/43016/solarapp.pdf
Q9 How many copies, and in what format? Submittal package
Digital only, via the app.govwell.com/paradise online portal
Why the confidence is not higherBuilding page and inspections page both route all permit submittal and inspection requests through the GovWell portal; no mention anywhere of paper copies being required or accepted. Inference from the absence of a paper-copy requirement rather than an explicit statement.
department page checked 2026-08-31 https://www.townofparadise.com/building
Q10 Is a site plan required, and what must it show? Core Submittal package
A site plan / site information is required as part of the SolarAPP+ and GovWell submittal, but the Town does not publish its own separate checklist of what the site plan must show.
Why the confidence is not higherThe SolarAPP+ presentation lists 'Site information' as a required application item but gives no Town-specific content checklist; PMC 15.15.030 likewise requires a 'complete' application per a checklist the Building Official is directed to develop, without reproducing its contents on the Town's own pages.
department presentation (PDF, dated Dec 2023) checked 2026-08-31 https://www.paradiseca.gov/sites/default/files/fileattachments/building/page/43016/solarapp.pdf
Q11 Is a one-line / three-line diagram required? Core Drawings & calculations
Yes
Why the confidence is not higherTown's SolarAPP+ presentation lists a 'Single Line Diagram' among the documents required both for submittal and to be on site for inspection.
department presentation (PDF, dated Dec 2023) checked 2026-08-31 https://www.paradiseca.gov/sites/default/files/fileattachments/building/page/43016/solarapp.pdf
Q12 Are string and conductor calculations required? Drawings & calculations
Yes, but performed automatically within the SolarAPP+ national review tool rather than submitted as a separate calculation package
Why the confidence is not higherThe presentation states the SolarAPP+ checklist exists specifically 'to avoid the necessity of the inspector doing their own calculations,' implying string/conductor sizing is validated by the SolarAPP+ software during registration rather than hand-checked by Town staff.
department presentation (PDF, dated Dec 2023) checked 2026-08-31 https://www.paradiseca.gov/sites/default/files/fileattachments/building/page/43016/solarapp.pdf
Q13 Is a structural PE stamp required, and at what threshold? Core Engineering & stamps
No PE structural stamp is required for a system eligible under PMC Ch. 15.15 (<=10 kW AC / 30 kW thermal, single/duplex dwelling); the applicant/contractor instead self-verifies structural adequacy using 'standard engineering evaluation techniques' per 15.15.030(B)(1). No stated threshold above which a stamp is required was found -- larger/ineligible systems would fall to the Building Official's general, non-solar-specific case-by-case discretion under Ch. 15.02.
Why the confidence is not higherDirect quote from PMC 15.15.030(B)(1); the fallback for non-eligible systems is inferred from the chapter's general scope language rather than a stated numeric threshold.
municipal code checked 2026-08-31 https://api.municode.com/CodesContent?jobId=&nodeId=TIT15BUCO_CH15.15SMREROSOENSY&productId=13703
Q14 Is an electrical PE stamp required, and at what threshold? Engineering & stamps
No PE electrical stamp required for a Ch. 15.15-eligible system; the applicant self-verifies that existing service/panel capacity can carry the new PV load per 15.15.030(B)(2), using 'standard electrical inspection techniques' rather than a stamped calculation.
Why the confidence is not higherDirect quote from PMC 15.15.030(B)(2); no separate electrical-PE threshold was found elsewhere in Title 15.
municipal code checked 2026-08-31 https://api.municode.com/CodesContent?jobId=&nodeId=TIT15BUCO_CH15.15SMREROSOENSY&productId=13703
Q15 What does a residential solar permit cost? Core Fees
$254.40 flat (residential roof mount); $381.60 flat (residential ground mount, includes building permit/plan review/onsite building clearance)
Why the confidence is not higherFrom the Town's FY2018/19 Master Fee Schedule, Section 4 (Community Development - Building), effective 11/11/2017 for that section -- this remains the only Master Fee Schedule currently linked from both the Finance page and the Building Permit Fees page as of this check, so it is the Town's live-published figure, but the effective date is ~9 years old and I could not confirm a newer building-fee resolution superseded it (a separate, newer 2021-22 fee resolution I found covers only the Fire/Community-Safety section, not Building).
fee schedule checked 2026-08-31 https://www.paradiseca.gov/sites/default/files/fileattachments/finance/page/2881/master_fee_schedule_18-19.pdf
Q16 How is the fee calculated? Core Fees
Flat
Why the confidence is not higherBoth the roof-mount and ground-mount residential solar fee lines are single flat-dollar amounts, not scaled by kW, panel count, or valuation.
fee schedule checked 2026-08-31 https://www.paradiseca.gov/sites/default/files/fileattachments/finance/page/2881/master_fee_schedule_18-19.pdf
Q17 Is there a separate plan-check fee? Fees
No
Why the confidence is not higherThe fee-schedule line item is named 'Solar Photovoltaic System Check/Permit Issuance,' bundling plan check ('Check') and permit issuance into one flat fee, unlike some other categories that list plan check and issuance as separate lines.
fee schedule checked 2026-08-31 https://www.paradiseca.gov/sites/default/files/fileattachments/finance/page/2881/master_fee_schedule_18-19.pdf
Q18 What is the stated plan-review turnaround? Core Timeline & validity
Nothing published by this authority.
Where we lookedTown's Building, Building Permit Fees, and Building Inspections pages (townofparadise.com) and the SolarAPP+ presentation -- none state a plan-review turnaround time in business days for solar or general building permits.
Q19 How long is an issued permit valid before it expires? Timeline & validity
Not explicitly stated for solar; the general (unamended) CBC/CRC Section 105.5 default of 180 days without commencement of work, or 180 days of inspection inactivity, would apply since PMC 15.02 amends plan-review expiration (107.6) but was not found to amend permit-issuance expiration (105.5) itself.
Why the confidence is not higherInference from the absence of a local amendment to CBC 105.5 in the fetched PMC 15.02 amendment set (which does amend the adjacent 107.6 plan-review-expiration and 109.4/109.6 sections), not a direct Town statement about issued-permit validity.
municipal code checked 2026-08-31 https://api.municode.com/CodesContent?jobId=&nodeId=TIT15BUCO_CH15.022025CABUSTCOTI24PA2BAUPINBUCOIC&productId=13703
Q20 Which permit portal does this authority use? Core Portal & process
GovWell (app.govwell.com/paradise)
Why the confidence is not higherNamed directly and repeatedly on the Building, Building Inspections, and Solar App+ pages as the portal for permit applications, plan submittal, and inspection requests.
department page checked 2026-08-31 https://www.townofparadise.com/building
Q21 Can the whole application be completed online? Core Portal & process
Yes
Why the confidence is not higherThe Town's process is: register/submit design in SolarAPP+ (external), then submit the SolarAPP+-approved plans online via app.govwell.com/paradise, pay fees online, and request inspections online -- no in-person or paper step described anywhere on the Town's site.
department page checked 2026-08-31 https://www.townofparadise.com/building/page/online-roof-mount-solar-permits-now-available-solarapp
Q22 Which utility handles interconnection here? Core Utility interconnection
Pacific Gas & Electric (PG&E)
Why the confidence is not higherConfirmed directly in the Town's own Municipal Code: PMC Ch. 8.62 (post-Camp Fire utility-undergrounding chapter) states 'Pacific Gas and Electric and other utility providers have agreed to relocate/underground facilities' in the Town, and Paradise sits squarely within PG&E's well-documented northern Sacramento Valley/foothills service territory (the utility whose equipment caused the 2018 Camp Fire that destroyed most of the Town).
municipal code checked 2026-08-31 https://api.municode.com/CodesContent?jobId=&nodeId=TIT8HESA_CH8.62TEREUSCEPRCOUNUTFOCAFI&productId=13703
Q23 Where does the utility sit in the sequence? Core Utility interconnection
Parallel / No dependency
Why the confidence is not higherPMC 15.15.030(E) explicitly states Town permit approval 'shall not include any necessary approval or permission by a local utility provider to connect... The applicant is responsible for obtaining such approval or permission from the local utility provider,' meaning the Town does not gate its permit on prior utility sign-off. PG&E's own Rule 21/NEM interconnection application can typically be filed independent of the building-permit timeline, but I could not independently verify PG&E's own stated sequencing this session (their interconnection pages did not render to a plain fetch).
municipal code checked 2026-08-31 https://api.municode.com/CodesContent?jobId=&nodeId=TIT15BUCO_CH15.15SMREROSOENSY&productId=13703
Q24 Is a HOA or architectural approval required first? Overlays & special cases
No
Why the confidence is not higherPMC Ch. 17.41 (Design Standards and Design Review) has zero mentions of 'solar' or 'photovoltaic' (checked via full-text pull of the chapter; control terms 'height' returned normal hits elsewhere in Title 17, confirming the search worked), and PMC 17.14.300(D) lists 'solar collectors' as a by-right accessory use in the Town Residential zone with no design-review trigger attached.
municipal code checked 2026-08-31 https://api.municode.com/CodesContent?jobId=&nodeId=TIT17ZO_CH17.41DESTDERE&productId=13703
Q25 Is there a historic-district review? Overlays & special cases
No
Why the confidence is not higherA full walk of the Title 17 (Zoning) table of contents shows no historic-district overlay chapter of any kind; the only 'historical' provision in the code is PMC Ch. 15.09, the state-mandated California Historical Building Code (applicable to designated historic buildings generally, not a Paradise historic district), which was not found to reference solar.
municipal code table of contents checked 2026-08-31 https://api.municode.com/codesToc/fullTree/latest?jobId=&productId=13703
Q26 Is a wind or windstorm certification required? Overlays & special cases
No
Why the confidence is not higherWind/windstorm certification (a Texas Department of Insurance-style requirement) is not a California practice, and no such requirement appears anywhere in Title 15 or 17 of the Paradise Municipal Code.
municipal code checked 2026-08-31 https://api.municode.com/CodesContent?jobId=&nodeId=TIT15BUCO_CH15.022025CABUSTCOTI24PA2BAUPINBUCOIC&productId=13703
Q27 Is a Specific Use Permit or Council approval ever required? Overlays & special cases
No -- solar collectors are listed as a by-right accessory use in residential zones (PMC 17.14.300(D), and the parallel 17.10/17.11/17.12/17.17.300 accessory-use sections), and PMC Ch. 15.15's administrative approval process for eligible systems contains no Specific Use Permit or Council-approval step.
Why the confidence is not higherDirect reading of PMC 17.14.300(D) (accessory uses) and Ch. 15.15 (administrative-only review process, no CUP/Council step referenced).
municipal code checked 2026-08-31 https://api.municode.com/CodesContent?jobId=&nodeId=TIT17ZO_CH17.14TORETRZO&productId=13703
Q28 Is there a system-size cap on residential generation? Overlays & special cases
10 kW AC nameplate / 30 kW thermal, and limited to a single or duplex family dwelling -- but this is the eligibility gate for the Ch. 15.15 EXPEDITED/administrative review path, not a stated absolute cap on residential PV generation; larger systems appear to simply fall outside the expedited chapter rather than being prohibited.
Why the confidence is not higherDirect quote of PMC 15.15.020(A)(1) and (A)(3), from the Dec 2025 re-enactment (Ord. 652) -- this is the AB 2188-era figure, carried forward unchanged into the town's newest solar chapter.
municipal code checked 2026-08-31 https://api.municode.com/CodesContent?jobId=&nodeId=TIT15BUCO_CH15.15SMREROSOENSY&productId=13703
Lines marked with a percentage were read off this authority’s own published documents. Unmarked guidance is general good practice, not this jurisdiction’s rule — always confirm against the authority before you submit.
Install 5 steps · 20 questions
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Build to the code editions actually in force here
The NEC edition a jurisdiction enforces is often a cycle behind the newest one published, and local amendments sit on top of it. Rapid shutdown, conductor sizing and labelling all change between editions, so the edition in force is the first thing to establish, not the last.
- Which NEC edition is in force? 2023 95% · municipal code
- Which building code edition is in force? 2025 California Building Code and 2025 California Residential Code (2025 code cycle) 75% · municipal code
- Which fire code edition is in force? 2025 California Fire Code (Title 24, Part 9) 68% · municipal code
- Are there local amendments to any of the above? Yes 90% · municipal code
- What is the installation judged against? The 2025-cycle California Building Standards Code (CBC, CRC, CEC, CMC, CPC, Energy, WUI, Historical, Fire, Existing Building, Green Building, Administrative, Referenced Standards) as adopted and locally amended by PMC Title 15 (Ord. 652, 12/9/2025), plus the PMC 15.15 small-residential-solar chapter for eligibility/process. 82% · municipal code table of contents
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Fire access, setbacks and pathways
Ridge setbacks and roof access pathways are fire-service requirements and they constrain the array layout. They are the most common cause of a redesign after the fire department comments on a plan set.
Nothing recorded for Town of Paradise on this step yet — 1 question checked and found unpublished. The guidance above is general.
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Rapid shutdown
Which rapid-shutdown rule applies follows directly from the NEC edition in force, and the initiation device has to be at a location the fire service can reach and identify. This is inspected, and it is labelled.
- Is rapid shutdown required, and to which NEC edition? Yes, rapid shutdown is required per NEC 690.12, as incorporated by the 2025 CEC (based on the 2023 NEC); no local amendment modifies or removes this requirement. 80% · municipal code
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Labels and placards
The NEC sets a baseline for permanent markings at the service equipment and the disconnecting means. On top of that, an authority may specify its own wording, and the utility may specify more again. Where any of them writes its own text, a generic off-the-shelf label set will not pass — this is the detail most often fixed on a return visit.
- Does the authority specify placard wording of its own? No 75% · municipal code
- Does it specify letter height, colour or material? No 75% · municipal code
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Disconnect, storage and listed equipment
Where the AC disconnect must sit relative to the meter is usually the utility's rule, not the building department's. Battery storage frequently carries its own permit, its own inspection and its own fire conditions.
- Must equipment be on a specific approved list? No Town-specific approved-equipment list was found; standard UL-listing requirements under the adopted 2023 NEC/2025 CEC apply. 60% · municipal code
- Are batteries permitted, and under what conditions? Yes -- the Town's own SolarAPP+ presentation lists 'Solar, Battery Storage, and Solar + Battery Storage' as eligible project types for detached one- and two-family dwellings and townhomes; no separate ESS-specific local ordinance or condition was found beyond the standard adopted CRC/CFC provisions. 78% · department presentation (PDF, dated Dec 2023)
- Is there a separate ESS permit or inspection? Yes -- the Town's Master Fee Schedule lists a distinct 'California Fire Code Permits - Battery Systems' operational-permit fee of $127.90 under the Community Safety Services (Fire) section, separate from the Building Division's Solar PV permit fee. 78% · fee schedule
- Is there a local rule on service upgrades or busbar sizing? No -- no local rule on service-upgrade sizing or busbar rating was found; PMC 15.04 (Electrical Code chapter) contains only the bare adoption clause with zero local amendments. 78% · municipal code
20 questions answered against Town of Paradise’s own published documents
Q29 Which NEC edition is in force? Core Code editions in force
2023
Why the confidence is not higherPMC 15.04's own chapter title reads '2025 CALIFORNIA ELECTRICAL CODE (TITLE 24, PART 3) BASED UPON THE 2023 NATIONAL ELECTRICAL CODE (NFPA),' adopted without amendment by Ord. 652 (12/9/2025).
municipal code checked 2026-08-31 https://api.municode.com/CodesContent?jobId=&nodeId=TIT15BUCO_CH15.042025CAELCOTI24PA3BAUP2023NAELCONF&productId=13703
Q30 Which building code edition is in force? Core Code editions in force
2025 California Building Code and 2025 California Residential Code (2025 code cycle)
Why the confidence is not higherPMC Ch. 15.02's chapter title and its own adoption text (15.02.010) both correctly say '2025'; but the parallel Residential Code chapter (15.03, same Ord. 652) has a chapter title reading '2025' while its own operative adoption clause (15.03.010) literally says 'The 2022 California Residential Code... is hereby adopted' -- an apparent scrivener's error inherited from the prior ordinance's text. I am reporting the 2025 cycle as intended (matching the chapter heading, the CBC chapter's correctly-worded text, and the Dec 2025 adoption date) but flagging the inconsistency rather than silently resolving it.
municipal code checked 2026-08-31 https://api.municode.com/CodesContent?jobId=&nodeId=TIT15BUCO_CH15.032025CARECOTI24PA2.5BAUP2024INRECOIC&productId=13703
Q31 Which fire code edition is in force? Code editions in force
2025 California Fire Code (Title 24, Part 9)
Why the confidence is not higherThe chapter title (15.10) reads '2025 CALIFORNIA FIRE CODE,' but exactly like the Residential Code above, the operative adoption text at 15.10.010 literally reads 'The 2022 California Building Standards Code... known as the California Fire Code... is hereby adopted' -- the same apparent scrivener's error, carried into a second chapter of the same Dec 2025 ordinance. Reported as 2025 (matching the heading and the adoption date) with the inconsistency flagged.
municipal code checked 2026-08-31 https://api.municode.com/CodesContent?jobId=&nodeId=TIT15BUCO_CH15.102025CAFICOTI24PA9&productId=13703
Q32 Are there local amendments to any of the above? Core Code editions in force
Yes
Why the confidence is not higherPMC Ch. 15.02 (CBC) and 15.10 (CFC) each carry substantial local amendments (grading/J-Appendix chapter, fee-related administrative sections, permit-expiration, a local 'building code complaint procedure/independent reviewer' section unique to Paradise's post-Camp-Fire rebuild oversight, fire apparatus access road width/surface, snow-load minimum of 30 psf). None of these amendments were found to touch solar/PV specifically (control-checked).
municipal code checked 2026-08-31 https://api.municode.com/CodesContent?jobId=&nodeId=TIT15BUCO_CH15.022025CABUSTCOTI24PA2BAUPINBUCOIC&productId=13703
Q33 What is the installation judged against? Core Electrical
The 2025-cycle California Building Standards Code (CBC, CRC, CEC, CMC, CPC, Energy, WUI, Historical, Fire, Existing Building, Green Building, Administrative, Referenced Standards) as adopted and locally amended by PMC Title 15 (Ord. 652, 12/9/2025), plus the PMC 15.15 small-residential-solar chapter for eligibility/process.
Why the confidence is not higherDirectly assembled from the Title 15 chapter list and adoption sections pulled via Municode.
municipal code table of contents checked 2026-08-31 https://api.municode.com/codesToc/fullTree/latest?jobId=&productId=13703
Q34 Is there a local rule on service upgrades or busbar sizing? Electrical
No -- no local rule on service-upgrade sizing or busbar rating was found; PMC 15.04 (Electrical Code chapter) contains only the bare adoption clause with zero local amendments.
Why the confidence is not higherFull-text search of Ch. 15.04's content for 'busbar,' 'bus bar,' 'service upgrade,' 'panel upgrade,' and 'main breaker' returned zero hits; the chapter itself is only 2 short sections (adoption + footnote).
municipal code checked 2026-08-31 https://api.municode.com/CodesContent?jobId=&nodeId=TIT15BUCO_CH15.042025CAELCOTI24PA3BAUP2023NAELCONF&productId=13703
Q35 Is a specific mounting system or attachment spacing required? Structural & mounting
Nothing published by this authority.
Where we lookedFull-text search of PMC Title 15 (CBC ch. 15.02, CRC ch. 15.03, Fire ch. 15.10, and Solar ch. 15.15) via the Municode API for 'mounting,' 'attachment,' 'spacing,' and 'racking' -- no specific mounting-system or attachment-spacing requirement was found; PMC 15.15.030(B)(1) only requires generic self-verification of structural adequacy, with no spacing spec.
https://api.municode.com/CodesContent?jobId=&nodeId=TIT15BUCO_CH15.15SMREROSOENSY&productId=13703
Q36 What ridge setback and access pathways are required? Core Fire pathways & setbacks
Nothing published by this authority.
Where we lookedFull-text pull of PMC Ch. 15.10 (2025 California Fire Code adoption chapter, all local amendments) for 'solar,' 'photovoltaic,' 'ridge,' and 'pathway' -- zero hits (positive control 'fire' returned 81 hits in the same chapter; fabricated control 'zzqqx' returned zero), so no LOCAL ridge-setback/pathway amendment exists. The base (unamended) CFC 1205 default presumably governs, but its literal text was not independently pulled this session, so the actual figures are not confirmed.
Q37 Is rapid shutdown required, and to which NEC edition? Core Rapid shutdown
Yes, rapid shutdown is required per NEC 690.12, as incorporated by the 2025 CEC (based on the 2023 NEC); no local amendment modifies or removes this requirement.
Why the confidence is not higherPMC 15.04 adopts the 2025 CEC/2023 NEC without amendment (confirmed above for q34), so the base-code 690.12 rapid-shutdown requirement applies exactly as written in the state code; I did not independently pull the text of NEC 690.12 itself this session.
municipal code checked 2026-08-31 https://api.municode.com/CodesContent?jobId=&nodeId=TIT15BUCO_CH15.042025CAELCOTI24PA3BAUP2023NAELCONF&productId=13703
Q38 Which placards does this authority require at the service equipment? Core Labels Signage & labelling
Nothing published by this authority.
Where we lookedPMC 15.04 (Electrical), 15.10 (Fire), and 15.15 (Solar) chapters and the Town's Building/SolarAPP+ pages -- no Town-specific placard list was found beyond the generic SolarAPP+ national checklist's reference to 'Signs, placards, directories, and markings' (no wording given). Also checked the PG&E interconnection landing page, which did not render usable content to a plain fetch this session.
https://api.municode.com/CodesContent?jobId=&nodeId=TIT15BUCO_CH15.15SMREROSOENSY&productId=13703
Q39 Does the authority specify placard wording of its own? Core Labels Signage & labelling
No
Why the confidence is not higherFull-text search across PMC 15.04 (Electrical), 15.10 (Fire), and 15.15 (Solar) for 'placard' returned zero hits in all three chapters (positive control 'fire' returned 81 hits in the Fire chapter alone, and a fabricated control 'zzqqx' returned zero, confirming the search was working) -- the Town has not written its own placard wording anywhere in Title 15.
municipal code checked 2026-08-31 https://api.municode.com/CodesContent?jobId=&nodeId=TIT15BUCO_CH15.102025CAFICOTI24PA9&productId=13703
Q40 Does it specify letter height, colour or material? Core Labels Signage & labelling
No
Why the confidence is not higherSame full-text search as q39 (Ch. 15.04, 15.10, 15.15) found no letter-height, color, or material specification anywhere in the Town's own code; these attributes would default entirely to whatever the unamended 2023 NEC/2025 CFC/SolarAPP+ national checklist requires.
municipal code checked 2026-08-31 https://api.municode.com/CodesContent?jobId=&nodeId=TIT15BUCO_CH15.15SMREROSOENSY&productId=13703
Q41 Is a site plan / facility map placard required, and what must it show? Core Labels Signage & labelling
Nothing published by this authority.
Where we lookedPMC Ch. 15.15 and the Town's SolarAPP+ presentation -- 'Site information' is listed as a required application item, but no facility-map/site-plan placard content requirement specific to Paradise (beyond the general NEC 705.10 default) was found on any Town page.
https://www.paradiseca.gov/sites/default/files/fileattachments/building/page/43016/solarapp.pdf
Q42 Does the UTILITY specify placards beyond the AHJ's? Core Labels Signage & labelling
Nothing published by this authority.
Where we lookedPG&E's public interconnection/Rule 21 pages (pge.com) -- these are JavaScript-rendered and returned only script/boilerplate content to a plain curl fetch this session; PG&E's own Green Book/DG interconnection handbook, which would carry any utility-specific placard spec, was not reachable in this run.
https://www.pge.com/en/about/doing-business-with-pge/interconnections.html
Q43 Where must the labels be placed? Core Labels Signage & labelling
Nothing published by this authority.
Where we lookedFull-text search of PMC 15.04/15.10/15.15 for 'label' and 'marking' -- no Town-specific label-placement instruction was found beyond deference to the standard (unamended) NEC 690/705.10 marking-location requirements.
Q44 Must equipment be on a specific approved list? Equipment listing
No Town-specific approved-equipment list was found; standard UL-listing requirements under the adopted 2023 NEC/2025 CEC apply.
Why the confidence is not higherInference from the absence of any equipment-list language in PMC 15.04 or 15.15; not an explicit Town statement either way.
municipal code checked 2026-08-31 https://api.municode.com/CodesContent?jobId=&nodeId=TIT15BUCO_CH15.15SMREROSOENSY&productId=13703
Q45 Are batteries permitted, and under what conditions? Core Battery / ESS
Yes -- the Town's own SolarAPP+ presentation lists 'Solar, Battery Storage, and Solar + Battery Storage' as eligible project types for detached one- and two-family dwellings and townhomes; no separate ESS-specific local ordinance or condition was found beyond the standard adopted CRC/CFC provisions.
Why the confidence is not higherDirect quote from the 'What is an eligible project?' slide of the Town's SolarAPP+ presentation; the underlying CFC/CRC battery-storage provisions were not independently amended locally (no hits in Ch. 15.10's amendment set).
department presentation (PDF, dated Dec 2023) checked 2026-08-31 https://www.paradiseca.gov/sites/default/files/fileattachments/building/page/43016/solarapp.pdf
Q46 Is there a separate ESS permit or inspection? Battery / ESS
Yes -- the Town's Master Fee Schedule lists a distinct 'California Fire Code Permits - Battery Systems' operational-permit fee of $127.90 under the Community Safety Services (Fire) section, separate from the Building Division's Solar PV permit fee.
Why the confidence is not higherDirectly from the Town's FY2018/19 Master Fee Schedule fee line, alongside dozens of other standard CFC Table 105.6-style operational-permit categories -- this is the generic CFC battery-systems operational permit (would apply to ESS above the CFC's threshold), not a solar-specific ESS fee line.
fee schedule checked 2026-08-31 https://www.paradiseca.gov/sites/default/files/fileattachments/finance/page/2881/master_fee_schedule_18-19.pdf
Q47 Is a ground mount treated as a structure? Core Ground mount
Nothing published by this authority.
Where we lookedPMC Title 17 (Zoning) Ch. 17.04 (Definitions) -- searched for a 'Structure' definition entry by title; none exists in the chapter's title list, so whether a ground-mount solar array is treated as a 'structure' for zoning-setback purposes is not settled by the Town's own definitions chapter.
https://api.municode.com/CodesContent?jobId=&nodeId=TIT17ZO_CH17.04DE&productId=13703
Q48 Where must the AC disconnect be, relative to the meter? Core Utility equipment
Nothing published by this authority.
Where we lookedPG&E's public-facing interconnection pages (pge.com), which are JavaScript-rendered and did not return usable body content to a plain curl fetch this session; this is utility Green Book content that was not independently reached.
https://www.pge.com/en/about/doing-business-with-pge/interconnections.html
Lines marked with a percentage were read off this authority’s own published documents. Unmarked guidance is general good practice, not this jurisdiction’s rule — always confirm against the authority before you submit.
Inspection 5 steps · 14 questions
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Book it
Booking is a portal, a phone call or an email depending on the authority, and the notice required is rarely zero. Book before the work is finished rather than after — the lead time, not the work, is usually what sets the date.
- How is an inspection booked? Portal 88% · department page
- Are same-day or AM/PM windows offered? Yes, AM or PM windows are offered 78% · department page
-
Know who turns up
Some authorities inspect their own solar work; some delegate it, and a few do not inspect the PV equipment itself at all. Who is coming determines what they will look at.
- Does this AHJ perform its own final solar inspection? Yes 82% · department presentation (PDF, dated Dec 2023)
-
Work the stages in order
A rough-in or mid-roof inspection, where one is required, has to happen before the work it covers is closed up. Missing a stage means opening something back up, and it is the most expensive kind of correction.
- Which inspections are required, and in what order? For a Ch. 15.15-eligible SolarAPP+ project: registration/approval in SolarAPP+ (external) -> permit application/plan upload via GovWell -> a single final inspection by the Town's Building Division. 82% · municipal code
- Is a rough-in or mid-roof inspection required? No 78% · municipal code
-
Have the paperwork on site
The approved plan set, the permit, and the equipment listings should be on site and reachable. Inspectors routinely verify that installed equipment matches what was approved, and that the labels are the ones the plan set promised.
- Is there a published inspection checklist? Yes, in the form of the SolarAPP+-generated, project-specific inspection checklist provided at approval; PMC 15.15.010(B)/030(A) also directs the Building Official to develop and publish a general checklist, but I could not find that static Town checklist document published as its own file on the site (only the SolarAPP+ tool's per-project output). 62% · department presentation (PDF, dated Dec 2023)
- What must be on site at inspection? Permit, Inspection Card, Job site identification card, and plans (single line diagram, array plan, and specs) 82% · department presentation (PDF, dated Dec 2023)
- Does the inspector verify labels and listings? Yes 78% · department presentation (PDF, dated Dec 2023)
-
Sign-off, and permission to operate
Passing gives you a final or an equivalent sign-off. That is not the same as permission to operate: PTO comes from the utility, and who tells the utility the inspection passed varies. A system left switched off for weeks is usually waiting on this handover.
- Who notifies the utility for PTO? Installer 85% · municipal code
- Is there a re-inspection fee? $127.20 (general re-inspection fee, after the second failed inspection) 62% · fee schedule
- How are corrections issued and cleared? At the application stage, PMC 15.15.030(D) requires the Building Official to 'issue a written correction notice detailing all deficiencies... and any additional information required' for an incomplete application. At the inspection stage, 15.15.030(C) allows 'a subsequent inspection' if the system fails, without specifying the correction-notice mechanics for that stage. 70% · municipal code
14 questions answered against Town of Paradise’s own published documents
Q49 How is an inspection booked? Core Booking & scheduling
Portal
Why the confidence is not higherTown's own Building Inspections page states inspections 'can be requested via https://app.govwell.com/paradise'; no phone/email/walk-in alternative is described.
department page checked 2026-08-31 https://www.townofparadise.com/building/page/building-inspections-can-be-requested-httpsappgovwellcomparadise
Q50 How much notice is required? Core Booking & scheduling
Nothing published by this authority.
Where we lookedTown's Building Inspections page and the SolarAPP+ presentation's inspection-request instructions -- neither states a required lead time (e.g., 24/48 business hours) for scheduling an inspection.
Q51 Are same-day or AM/PM windows offered? Booking & scheduling
Yes, AM or PM windows are offered
Why the confidence is not higherThe Town's own SolarAPP+ presentation instructs applicants requesting an inspection to include 'Day (Date) you are requesting the inspection to be carried out. You may request AM or PM.'
department page checked 2026-08-31 https://www.townofparadise.com/building/page/online-roof-mount-solar-permits-now-available-solarapp
Q52 Does this AHJ perform its own final solar inspection? Core Who inspects
Yes
Why the confidence is not higherThe Town's own Building Division inspects and signs off on PV permits (a named Town Building Inspector, Fran Morrow, appears as a presenter of the Town's own SolarAPP+ training material); the Building Inspections page routes all inspection requests to the Town's own GovWell instance rather than to any outside agency.
department presentation (PDF, dated Dec 2023) checked 2026-08-31 https://www.paradiseca.gov/sites/default/files/fileattachments/building/page/43016/solarapp.pdf
Q53 If delegated, to whom? Core Who inspects
Nothing published by this authority.
Where we lookedNot applicable -- q52 found the Town's own Building Division performs its own final solar inspection directly (not delegated); see q52 for the supporting source.
Q54 Which inspections are required, and in what order? Core Stages & sequence
For a Ch. 15.15-eligible SolarAPP+ project: registration/approval in SolarAPP+ (external) -> permit application/plan upload via GovWell -> a single final inspection by the Town's Building Division.
Why the confidence is not higherDirectly matches both the 5-step process chart in the Town's SolarAPP+ presentation (Registration -> Approvals -> Permits -> Documents -> Inspection) and PMC 15.15.030(C), which states only one inspection is required for an eligible system.
municipal code checked 2026-08-31 https://api.municode.com/CodesContent?jobId=&nodeId=TIT15BUCO_CH15.15SMREROSOENSY&productId=13703
Q55 Is a rough-in or mid-roof inspection required? Stages & sequence
No
Why the confidence is not higherPMC 15.15.030(C) states explicitly: 'For a small residential rooftop solar energy system eligible for expedited review, only one inspection shall be required' -- no separate rough-in or mid-roof inspection is described.
municipal code checked 2026-08-31 https://api.municode.com/CodesContent?jobId=&nodeId=TIT15BUCO_CH15.15SMREROSOENSY&productId=13703
Q56 Does the inspector verify labels and listings? Core What is checked
Yes
Why the confidence is not higherThe Town's own SolarAPP+ presentation lists 'Signs, placards, directories, and markings' among the items the SolarAPP+-generated inspection checklist covers.
department presentation (PDF, dated Dec 2023) checked 2026-08-31 https://www.paradiseca.gov/sites/default/files/fileattachments/building/page/43016/solarapp.pdf
Q57 Is there a published inspection checklist? Core What is checked
Yes, in the form of the SolarAPP+-generated, project-specific inspection checklist provided at approval; PMC 15.15.010(B)/030(A) also directs the Building Official to develop and publish a general checklist, but I could not find that static Town checklist document published as its own file on the site (only the SolarAPP+ tool's per-project output).
Why the confidence is not higherThe presentation states the SolarAPP+ approval includes 'an inspection checklist' by design; the separately-required Ch. 15.15 static checklist was searched for on the Building, Forms, and Documents pages and not located as a distinct PDF.
department presentation (PDF, dated Dec 2023) checked 2026-08-31 https://www.paradiseca.gov/sites/default/files/fileattachments/building/page/43016/solarapp.pdf
Q58 What must be on site at inspection? Core Documents on site
Permit, Inspection Card, Job site identification card, and plans (single line diagram, array plan, and specs)
Why the confidence is not higherDirectly listed twice in the Town's SolarAPP+ presentation as 'Required Documents to be on the job site' / 'Documents to include.'
department presentation (PDF, dated Dec 2023) checked 2026-08-31 https://www.paradiseca.gov/sites/default/files/fileattachments/building/page/43016/solarapp.pdf
Q59 Is there a re-inspection fee? Corrections & re-inspection
$127.20 (general re-inspection fee, after the second failed inspection)
Why the confidence is not higherFrom the FY2018/19 Master Fee Schedule's Community Development - Building section ('General Re-inspection fees after second failed inspection'); this is the same aged fee-schedule vintage flagged at q15, and it is a general re-inspection line rather than a solar-specific one, since no separate solar re-inspection fee was found.
fee schedule checked 2026-08-31 https://www.paradiseca.gov/sites/default/files/fileattachments/finance/page/2881/master_fee_schedule_18-19.pdf
Q60 How are corrections issued and cleared? Corrections & re-inspection
At the application stage, PMC 15.15.030(D) requires the Building Official to 'issue a written correction notice detailing all deficiencies... and any additional information required' for an incomplete application. At the inspection stage, 15.15.030(C) allows 'a subsequent inspection' if the system fails, without specifying the correction-notice mechanics for that stage.
Why the confidence is not higherDirect quote of PMC 15.15.030(C) and (D); the inspection-failure correction process specifically is less detailed than the application-stage process.
municipal code checked 2026-08-31 https://api.municode.com/CodesContent?jobId=&nodeId=TIT15BUCO_CH15.15SMREROSOENSY&productId=13703
Q61 What is issued on pass? Core Final sign-off & PTO
Nothing published by this authority.
Where we lookedTown's Building, Building Inspections, and SolarAPP+ pages -- none state what document/tag is issued on a passing final inspection (CO, Final, Green Tag, or Letter) for a solar-only permit.
Q62 Who notifies the utility for PTO? Core Final sign-off & PTO
Installer
Why the confidence is not higherPMC 15.15.030(E) states directly: Town permit approval 'shall not include any necessary approval or permission by a local utility provider to connect the small residential rooftop energy system to the provider's electricity grid. The applicant is responsible for obtaining such approval or permission from the local utility provider.'
municipal code checked 2026-08-31 https://api.municode.com/CodesContent?jobId=&nodeId=TIT15BUCO_CH15.15SMREROSOENSY&productId=13703
Lines marked with a percentage were read off this authority’s own published documents. Unmarked guidance is general good practice, not this jurisdiction’s rule — always confirm against the authority before you submit.
Jurisdiction & key facts
The standing 62-question set, answered for Town of Paradise against this authority’s own published documents. Every answer carries the confidence it was recorded at and the document it came from. Where nothing is published we say so and show where we looked — a blank here is a finding, not a gap.
Town of Paradise is the authority having jurisdiction 88% confidence
- Holds
- Building and electrical permitting/inspection are performed directly by the Town's own Building Division (Community Development / "Building Resiliency Center"), under Paradise Municipal Code (PMC) Title 15 (adopted by reference from the CA Building Standards Code, Ord. No. 652, 12/9/2025). Fire-code adoption and plan review/inspection authority is also retained by the Town's own Fire Prevention Bureau/Fire Marshal (PMC 15.10.020), even though front-line suppression staffing is contracted out to CAL FIRE under a cooperative agreement ("Paradise Fire & Rescue"). No delegation of building, electrical, or fire CODE authority to Butte County was found anywhere in the code or on the Town's site.
- Overridden by
- CA Gov. Code §65850.5/§65850.52 sets the ceiling for the expedited/SolarAPP+ residential rooftop solar permitting process the Town implements at PMC Ch. 15.15 (readopted whole by Ord. 652, 12/9/2025); PMC 15.15.030(E) explicitly carves utility interconnection approval out of the Town's permit approval, so PG&E interconnection sits outside the AHJ's authority. CA AB 130 (Stats. 2025, Ch. 22) freezes more-restrictive local residential-code amendments from 1 Oct 2025-1 Jun 2031; consistent with that, Ord. 652 (adopted inside the freeze window) re-adopts the 2025 model codes with only pre-existing, non-solar amendments (grading, fire-access, code-complaint procedure) rather than adding new residential restrictions.
- Why not higher
- Directly confirmed from the Town's own Building Division page (application/inspection via app.govwell.com/paradise, SolarAPP+ in use) and from Paradise Municipal Code Title 15 pulled live via the Municode API (Ord. No. 652, adopted 12-9-2025, eff. stated as 1-8-2025 in the code text -- almost certainly a scrivener's error for 1-8-2026 given the adoption date, flagged rather than silently corrected). Confidence is not higher because the Camp Fire-era rebuild context means several Town documents (fee schedule, SolarAPP+ presentation) are several years old and I could not independently confirm every cross-reference is current.
- Permit required
- Yes92%
- Permit cost
- $254.40 flat (residential roof mount); $381.60 flat (residential ground mount, includes building permit/plan review/onsite building clearance)62%
- Portal
- GovWell (app.govwell.com/paradise)95%
- Electrical code
- 202395%
- Own placard wording
- No75%
- Booking an inspection
- Portal88%
Labels & placards for this authority
Wording 75%
No
Size, colour & material 75%
No
Where they go None%
What the utility wants on top None%
Each figure above is sourced and dated in the full answer set below (questions 38–43). Where an authority’s own published sheet is older than the code it has adopted, the answer says so.
Their website
Average approval time — application to PTO
From the CPUC interconnection record. Bars show the average days taken each year; a year with no recorded projects is left blank rather than drawn as zero.